Python Constructor (__init__) Explained for Beginners with Examples

Python Constructor (__init__) Explained for Beginners

Introduction

In the previous post, we learned about Python Classes and Objects. Now we will learn about an important concept in OOP called a Constructor.

A constructor is a special method used to initialize object values when an object is created.

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What is a Constructor?

A constructor is a special function that automatically runs when an object is created from a class.

In Python, the constructor method is called:

__init__()

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Basic Example

class Student:

    def __init__(self):
        print("Constructor is called")

s1 = Student()

When the object s1 is created, the constructor runs automatically.

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Constructor with Parameters

We usually use constructors to assign values to object variables.

class Student:

    def __init__(self, name, age):
        self.name = name
        self.age = age

s1 = Student("Ayush", 22)

print(s1.name)
print(s1.age)

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Understanding "self"

The self keyword represents the current object.

It allows us to access variables and methods inside the class.

Example:

self.name = name

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Why Constructors are Important

• Initialize object properties
• Automatically runs when object is created
• Makes code cleaner and organized
• Used in almost every OOP program

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Real Example

class Car:

    def __init__(self, brand, price):
        self.brand = brand
        self.price = price

car1 = Car("Tesla", 50000)

print(car1.brand)
print(car1.price)

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What You Learned

• What is a constructor
• What is the __init__() method
• How constructors initialize objects
• Using parameters inside constructors

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Next Topic

Now that you understand constructors, the next concept is:

Python Inheritance Explained

Inheritance allows one class to use properties of another class.

👋 About the Author

Ayush Gupta
MSc AI/ML Student | Machine Learning & Python Enthusiast

📧 Email: aygupta9898@gmail.com